About Renal Cancer
Renal cancer makes up 3.8% of all new cancer cases with an estimated death rate in 2014 of 13, 860.
Approximately 1.6 percent of men and women will be diagnosed with kidney and renal pelvis cancer at some point during their lifetime, based on 2008-2010 data.[1]
Renal cell carcinoma is the most common type of kidney cancer (90-95%) which usually starts in one kidney and rarely occurs in both kidneys at the same time.[2]
When the cancer has not spread (metastasized) beyond the kidney, the 5 year survival rate is 60-70%.[3]
HEALTHY DIET
Avoid high glycemic foods (and sugar) and the also the risk of developing diabetes. However even without diabetes the ingestion of high sugar can lead to kidney damage.[4]
Risk factors associated with renal cancer are primarily related to lifestyle factors such as obesity, hypertension and diabetes. In fact, the combination of smoking, obesity and hypertension have been estimated at causing at least 50% of renal cancers.[5]
Among the most well-established risk factors include:
1. Cigarette smoking has been established as the most common factor behind developing renal cancer. Additionally, individuals with renal cancer who are current smokers have lower rates of survival.[6]
2. Obesity and high blood pressure.[7] Visceral obesity correlated with a higher rate of having recurrent renal cell carcinoma.[8]
3. Having diabetes mellitus, types 1 and 2.[9]
Exposure to asbestos, cadmium and trichloroethylene, found in occupational dusts, also increase the risk of developing renal cancer.[10][11]
Women who have undergone a hysterectomy have at least double the risk of developing renal cancer in their lifetimes compared to those who have not had the surgery.[12]
LIMIT OR ELIMINATE ALCOHOL
Alcohol is known to compromise liver function and as a result this can exacerbate kidney disease.[13] Long term alcohol consumption is also known to directly affect kidney cells.[14]
Renal cancer is often asymptomatic for years until it becomes advanced. However the physical symptoms that most commonly occur initially include:blood in the urine (occurring in 40% of affected persons at the time they first seek medical attention for the symptom), flank pain (40%), a mass in the abdomen (25%), weight loss (33%), fevers (20%),highblood pressure (20%), night sweats and a feeling that something is ‘not right’ or fatigue.[15]
Renal cancer is also associated with a number of paraneoplastic syndromes(PNS), which are conditions caused by either the hormones produced by the tumor or by the body’s immune response to the tumor and are present in about ¼ of individuals with renal cell carcinoma.[16] These syndromes most commonly affect tissues which have not been invaded by the cancer. The most common PNSs seen in people with RCC are: anemia, high blood calcium,polycythaemia(the opposite of anemia, an overproduction of erythropoietin), and other blood abnormalities.
WATCH YOUR WEIGHT
Stay in a healthy weight range. Obesity is a known contributing factor to development of chronic kidney disease as well as a factor in worsening the prognosis of those with renal cancer.[17]This risk appears higher in obese women than in men in some studies.[18]
Emphasize:
1. Brightly colored, fresh vegetables, leafy greens and fresh fruits (choose organic if possible), broccoli, cauliflower, cabbage, as well onions and garlic and berries that are high in antioxidants.
2. Whole foods (foods that are as close to their natural form as possible).
3. Research has shown coconut oils have been shown to protect kidney cells.[19]
4. Low sugar/low glycemic diet (Glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) are measures of the effect on blood glucose level after a food containing carbohydrates is consumed) due to the link between diabetes and renal cancer.
5. Managing potassium if it’s needed, but not using too much, keeping phosphates low (as found in some meats, processed foods and sodas) and keeping salt in regulation are also important factors in the dietary plan for kidney disease.[20][21]
6. High fiber, from whole grains, beans, vegetables and fruits
7. For animal protein, choose lean poultry and fish over red meat, and aim to view meat as a condiment rather than a staple. Try to choose grass fed and organic meats and eggs whenever possible.
Avoid:
1. Salty food that can contribute to hypertension.
2. Processed and grilled meats. Also, try to limit intake of red meat. Managing excess proteins in the diet may also be critical for chronic kidney disease.[22]
3. Fast foods, fried foods, baked goods and packaged, processed foods.
4. Sugar, sweeteners and artificial sweeteners that can worsen diabetes.
5. Vegetable oils, shortening, margarine and anything with hydrogenated or partially hydrogenated oils.
Hemp Oil 1800 Fortified Capsules
- Capsulesare based on SatiMedTM Botanical Formula Plus, and include an essential combination of herbal compounds from the Hemp, Cinnamon, Mint, Balm, and Chamomile plants, and are formulated in natural Hemp Seed oil.
- Suggested dose: 2-4 capsules per day before the meal.
- The pharmacologically active component of the spice turmeric, curcumin inhibits tumor growth by multiple mechanisms.[29]
- Suggested dose: 1-2g per day of Meriva® or Longvida® curcumin.[30],[31]
- This antioxidant has multiple mechanisms by which it inhibits prostate cancer proliferation and induces apoptosis (programmed cell death).
- Suggested dose:200-400 mg three times per day
- Human cell studies showed that co-treatment with berberine extract and tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) induced cell death in human renal cancer cells.[30]It has also demonstrated positive effects in animal studies with improvement to damaged kidney cells, and in human cell studies.[31],[32]
- Suggested dose: 500 mg, 3 times per day.
Maitake Mushroom (Beta Glucans)
- Studies on melanoma in animal cells demonstrate powerful anti-cancer properties of the mushroom.[24]
- Suggested dose: Capsules range from 100 to 500 mg, with at least 12-25 mg of standardized extract, 1-3 times per day.
- A prospective study with a large human cohort found that higher plasma 25(OH)D levels were associated with a statistically significantly lower risk of RCC in men and women.[33]Additionally, research on the circulating vitamin D-binding protein (DBP) suggests a strong protective association observed between higher circulating DBP concentration and renal cancer risk.[34]
- Suggested dose: Suggested dose is that sufficient to raise vitamin D blood levels to >40 ng/mL, which may require 5000 IU per day or more.[35]
- Magnesium 400 FORTIFIED Capsules are based on SatiMedTM Botanical Formula Plus, and include an essential combination of high absorption Magnesium bisglycinate complex, Piperine and Vitamin B6.
- Magnesium 400 FORTIFIED supports normal physiologic function, nervous system, muscles and bones, reduces tiredness and fatigue. Vitamin B-6 (pyridoxine) is important for normal brain function and for keeping the nervous system and immune system healthy.
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[2] Curti, B; Jana, BRP; Javeed, M; Makhoul, I; Sachdeva, K; Hu, W; Perry, M; Talavera, F (26 February 2014). “Renal Cell Carcinoma”. In Harris, JE. Medscape Reference. WebMD. Retrieved 7 March 2014.
[3] Smith TR, Lall RR, Lall RR, Abecassis IJ, Arnaout OM, Marymont MH, Swanson KR, Chandler JP. Survival after surgery and stereotactic radiosurgery for patients with multiple intracranial metastases: results of a single-center retrospective study. J Neurosurg. 2014 May 23:1-7
[4] Bilton R. Averting comfortable lifestyle crises. Sci Prog. 2013;96(Pt 4):319-68.
[5] Häggström C, Rapp K, Stocks T, Manjer J, Bjørge T, Ulmer H, Engeland A, Almqvist M, Concin H, Selmer R, Ljungberg B, Tretli S, Nagel G, Hallmans G, Jonsson H, Stattin P. Metabolic factors associated with risk of renal cell carcinoma. PLoS One. 2013;8(2):e57475. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0057475. Epub 2013 Feb 28.
[6] Xu Y, Qi Y, Zhang J, Lu Y, Song J, Dong B, Kong W, Xue W, Huang Y. The impact of smoking on survival in renal cell carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Tumour Biol. 2014 Jul;35(7):6633-40. doi: 10.1007/s13277-014-1862-8. Epub 2014 Apr 4.
[7] King SC, Pollack LA, Li J, King JB, Master VA. Continued Increase in Incidence of Renal Cell Carcinoma, Especially in Young Patients and High Grade Disease: United States 2001 to 2010. J Urol. 2014 Jan 11.
[8] Park YH, Lee JK, Kim KM, Kook HR, Lee H, Kim KB, Lee S, Byun SS, Lee SE. Visceral Obesity in Predicting Oncologic Outcomes of Localized Renal Cell Carcinoma. J Urol. 2014 Apr 1.
[9] Psutka SP, Stewart SB, Boorjian SA, Lohse CM, Tollefson MK, Cheville JC, Leibovich BC, Thompson RH. Diabetes Mellitus is Independently Associated with an Increased Risk of Mortality Among Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients. J Urol. 2014 Jun 12.
[10] Lewis G, Maxwell AP. Early diagnosis improves survival in kidney cancer. Practitioner. 2012 Feb;256(1748):13-6, 2.
[11] Karami S, Boffetta P, Stewart PS, Brennan P, Zaridze D, Matveev V, Janout V, Kollarova H, Bencko V, Navratilova M, Szeszenia-Dabrowska N, Mates D, Gromiec J, Slamova A, Chow WH, Rothman N, Moore LE. Occupational exposure to dusts and risk of renal cell carcinoma. Br J Cancer. 2011 May 24;104(11):1797-803.
[12] Zucchetto A, Talamini R, Dal Maso L, Negri E, Polesel J, Ramazzotti V, Montella M, Canzonieri V, Serraino D, La Vecchia C, Franceschi S. Reproductive, menstrual, and other hormone-related factors and risk of renal cell cancer. Int J Cancer. 2008 Nov 1;123(9):2213-6.
[13] Ishigami T, Yamamoto R, Nagasawa Y, Isaka Y, Rakugi H, Iseki K, Yamagata K, Tsuruya K, Yoshida H, Fujimoto S, Asahi K, Kurahashi I, Ohashi Y, Moriyama T, Watanabe T. An association between serum γ-glutamyltransferase and proteinuria in drinkers and non-drinkers: a Japanese nationwide cross-sectional survey. Clin Exp Nephrol. 2014 Feb 4.
[14] Latchoumycandane C, Nagy LE, McIntyre TM. Chronic ethanol ingestion induces oxidative kidney injury through taurine-inhibitable inflammation. Free Radic Biol Med. 2014 Jan 8.
[15] Curti, B; Jana, BRP; Javeed, M; Makhoul, I; Sachdeva, K; Hu, W; Perry, M; Talavera, F (26 February 2014). “Renal Cell Carcinoma”. In Harris, JE. Medscape Reference. WebMD. Retrieved 7 March 2014.
[16] Bacchetta J, Juillard L, Cochat P, Droz JP. Paraneoplastic glomerular diseases and malignancies. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2009 Apr;70(1):39-58. doi: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2008.08.003. Epub 2008 Sep 14.
[17] Stengel B, Tarver-Carr ME, Powe NR, Eberhardt MS, Brancati FL. Lifestyle factors, obesity and the risk of chronic kidney disease. Epidemiology. 2003 Jul;14(4):479-87.
[18] Odagiri K, Mizuta I, Yamamoto M, Miyazaki Y, Watanabe H, Uehara A. Waist to height ratio is an independent predictor for the incidence of chronic kidney disease. PLoS One. 2014 Feb 12;9(2):e88873. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0088873. eCollection 2014.
[19] Monserrat AJ, Romero M, Lago N, Aristi C. Protective effect of coconut oil on renal necrosis occurring in rats fed a methyl-deficient diet. Ren Fail. 1995 Sep;17(5):525-37.
[20] Carrero JJ, Cozzolino M. Nutritional Therapy, Phosphate Control and Renal Protection. Nephron Clin Pract. 2014 Jan 11;126(1):1-7.
[21] Shutto Y, Shimada M, Kitajima M, Yamabe H, Saitoh Y, Saitoh H, Razzaque MS. Inadequate awareness among chronic kidney disease patients regarding food and drinks containing artificially added phosphate. PLoS One. 2013 Nov 13;8(11):e78660.
[22] Ash S, Campbell KL, Bogard J, Millichamp A. Nutrition prescription to achieve positive outcomes in chronic kidney disease: a systematic review. Nutrients. 2014 Jan 22;6(1):416-51.
[23] Gui D, Huang J, Guo Y, Chen J, Chen Y, Xiao W, Liu X, Wang N. Astragaloside IV ameliorates renal injury in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats through inhibiting NF-κB-mediated inflammatory genes expression. Cytokine. 2013 Mar;61(3):970-7. doi: 10.1016/j.cyto.2013.01.008. Epub 2013 Feb 20.
[24] Liu L, Zhang J, He R, Zhou L, Zhang J. [Astragalus injection ameliorates cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in mice]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2010 Oct;35(20):2736-40.
[25] Gurrola-Díaz CM, García-López PM, Gulewicz K, Pilarski R, Dihlmann S. Inhibitory mechanisms of two Uncaria tomentosa extracts affecting the Wnt-signaling pathway. Phytomedicine. 2011 Jun 15;18(8-9):683-90.
[26] Sonnenbichler J, Scalera F, Sonnenbichler I, Weyhenmeyer R. Stimulatory effects of silibinin and silicristin from the milk thistle Silybum marianum on kidney cells. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1999 Sep;290(3):1375-83.
[27] Chang HR, Chen PN, Yang SF, Sun YS, Wu SW, Hung TW, Lian JD, Chu SC, Hsieh YS. Silibinin inhibits the invasion and migration of renal carcinoma 786-O cells in vitro, inhibits the growth of xenografts in vivo and enhances chemosensitivity to 5-fluorouracil and paclitaxel. Mol Carcinog. 2011 Oct;50(10):811-23.
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[29] Aksoy N, Dogan Y, Iriadam M, Bitiren M, Uzer E, Ozgonul A, Aksoy S. Protective and therapeutic effects of licorice in rats with acute tubular necrosis. J Ren Nutr. 2012 May;22(3):336-43.
[30] Yamazaki S, Morita T, Endo H, Hamamoto T, Baba M, Joichi Y, Kaneko S, Okada Y, Okuyama T, Nishino H, Tokue A. Isoliquiritigenin suppresses pulmonary metastasis of mouse renal cell carcinoma. Cancer Lett. 2002 Sep 8;183(1):23-30.
[31] Yin J, Xing H, Ye J. Efficacy of berberine in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Metabolism. 2008 May;57(5):712-7.
[32] Lee SJ, Noh HJ, Sung EG, Song IH, Kim JY, Kwon TK, Lee TJ. Berberine sensitizes TRAIL-induced apoptosis through proteasome-mediated downregulation of c-FLIP and Mcl-1 proteins. Int J Oncol. 2011 Feb;38(2):485-92.
[33] Joh HK, Giovannucci EL, Bertrand KA, Lim S, Cho E. Predicted plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D and risk of renal cell cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2013 May 15;105(10):726-32. doi: 10.1093/jnci/djt082. Epub 2013 Apr 8.
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[35] Garland CF, French CB, Baggerly LL, et al. Vitamin D supplement doses and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D in the range associated with cancer prevention. Anticancer Res. 2011 Feb;31(2):607-11.
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